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A Subgroup 
 of an original Group 
 has elements 
.  Let 
 be a fixed element of the
original Group 
 which is not a member of 
.  Then the transformation 
, (
, 2,
...) generates a conjugate Subgroup 
.  If, for all 
, 
, then
 is a Self-Conjugate (also called Invariant or
Normal) Subgroup.  All Subgroups of an Abelian Group are
invariant.