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Deciding whether a given Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form has an assignment that makes the formula ``true.'' In 1971, Cook showed that the problem is NP-Complete.
See also Boolean Algebra
References
Cook, S. A. and Mitchell, D. G.  ``Finding Hard Instances of the Satisfiability Problem: A Survey.''  In
  Satisfiability problem: theory and applications (Piscataway, NJ, 1996). 
  Theoret. Comput. Sci., Vol. 35.   Providence, RI: Amer. Math. Soc., pp. 1-17, 1997.